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Publications
Carlson, K. M., C. Mora, J. Xu, R. O. Setter, M. Harangody, E. C. Franklin, M. B. Kantar, M. Lucas, Z. M. Menzo, D. Spirandelli, D. Schanzenbach, C. C. Warr, A. E. Wongl, S. Businger, 2022: Global rainbow distribution under current and future climates, Global Environmental Change, 77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102604.
Corrigan, T. J. and S. Businger, 2021: Anatomy of a Series of Cloud Bursts that Eclipsed the US Rainfall Record, Mon. Wea. Rev., DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-21-0028.1
T. Cherubini, Lyman, R., and S. Businger, 2021: Forecasting seeing for the Mauna Kea Observatories with machine learning. MNRAS 509, 232-245.
Businger, S., 2021: The Secrets of the Best Rainbows on Earth. BAMS, 102, E338–E350. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0101.1
Lyman, R., T. Cherubini, and S. Businger, 2020: Forecasting Seeing for the Mauna Kea Observatories. MNRAS 496, 4734–4748.
Antonelli, P., T. Cherubini, S. Businger, S. de Haan, P. Scaccia, and J. Moncet, 2020: Regional Assimilation System for Transformed Retrievals from Satellite High-Resolution Infrared Data. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 59, 1171–1193, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-19-0203.1.
Holland, L., S. Businger, T. Elias, and T. Cherubini, 2020: Two Ensemble Approaches for Forecasting Sulfur Dioxide Concentrations from Kīlauea Volcano. Wea. Forecasting, 35, 1923–1937, https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-19-0189.1.
Robinson, T. E. and S. Businger, 2019: A Novel Method for Modeling Lowest-Level Vertical Motion, Weather and Forecasting, 34, 943 - 957.
Schorghofer. N, S. Businger, A. P. Ingersoll, M. Leopold, 2018: The coldest places in Hawaii: The ice-preserving microclimates of high-altitude craters and caves on tropical island volcanoes. BAMS, 99, 2313–2324. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0238.1.
Argüeso, D. and S. Businger, 2018: Wind power characteristics of Oahu, Hawai'i, Renewable Energy, 128, 324 - 336.
Williamson, S. and S. Businger, 2018: Solar radiation resource analysis for Oahu. Renewable Energy, 128, 432 - 443.
Andre Pattantyus, Steven Businger, and Steven Howell, 2018: Review of sulfur dioxide to sulfate aerosol chemistry at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i. Atmospheric Environment, 185, 262-271.
Antonelli, P., H. Revercomb, G. Giuliani, T. Cherubini, S. Businger, R. Lyman, S. Tjemkes, R. Stuhlmann, and J. Moncet, 2017: Regional Retrieval Processor for Direct Broadcast High Resolution InfraRed Data. JAMC, https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0144.1
Businger, S., M. P. Nogelmeier, P. W. U. Chinn and T. Schroeder, 2017: Hurricane with a History: Hawaiian Newspapers Illuminate an 1871 Storm. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 99, 137-147. https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0333.1.
Businger, S., R. Huff, A. Pattantyus, K. Horton, A. J. Sutton and T. Elias, 2015: Observing and Forecasting Vog Dispersion from Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 96, 1667-1686. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00150.1.
Businger, S., S. Yildiz, and T.E. Robinson, 2015: The Impact of Hurricane Force Wind Fields on the North Pacific Ocean Environment, Wea. and Forecasting, 30, 742-753.
Stolz, D. C., S. Businger, and A. Terpstra, 2014: Refining the relationship between lightning and convective rainfall over the ocean, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, doi:10.1002/2012JD018819.
Pattantyus, A., and S. Businger, 2014: On the interaction of Tropical Cyclone Flossie and emissions from Hawaii's Kīlauea volcano, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, doi:10.1002/2014GL060033.
Pattantyus, A., and S. Businger, 2015: Ensemble Forecasting of Volcanic Emissions in Hawai'i. Annals of Geophysics. 57, ISSN 2037-416X, doi:10.4401/ag-6607.
Eaton, L. A. and S. Businger, 2014: Using a Snow Drift Model to simulate Aeolian Drift and Snowfall on the Summit of Mauna Kea, Hawaii. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research.
Cherubini, T. and S. Businger, 2012: Another Look at the Refractive Index Structure Function. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 52, 498-506.
Kealy, J., J. Foster, and S. Businger (2012), GPS meteorology: An investigation of ocean-based precipitable water estimates, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D17303, doi:10.1029/2011JD017422.
Murphy, M. and S. Businger, 2010: Orographic Influences on an Oahu Flood. Mon. Wea. Rev., 2198-2217.
Ellis, R., and S. Businger, 2009: Helical Circulations in the Typhoon Boundary Layer. Journal of Geophysical Research, D06205.
Pessi, A., and S. Businger, 2009: The Impact of Lightning Data Assimilation on a Winter Storm Simulation over the North Pacific Ocean. Monthly Weather Review, 137, 3177-3195.
Pessi, A., and S. Businger, 2009: Relationships Among Lightning, Precipitation, and Hydrometeor Characteristics over the North Pacific Ocean. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 48, 833-848.
Pessi, A., S. Businger, K. L. Cummins, N. W. S. Demetriades, M. Murphy, and B. Pifer, 2009: Development of a Long-Range Lightning Detection Network for the Pacific: Construction, Calibration, and Performance. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 26, 145-166.
Cherubini, T., S. Businger, R. Lyman, and M. Chun, 2008: Modeling Optical Turbulence and Seeing over Mauna Kea. J. Appl. Meteor. Clim., 47, 1140-1155.
Cherubini, T., S. Businger, and R. Lyman, 2008: Modeling turbulence and seeing over Mauna Kea: Validation and Algorithm Refinement. J. Appl. Meteor. Clim., 47, 3033-3043.
Squires, K., and S. Businger, 2008: The Morphology of Eyewall Lightning Outbreaks in Two Category 5 Hurricanes. Monthly Weather Review, 136, 1706-1725.
Cherubini, T., , S. Businger, , C. Velden, and R. Ogasawara, 2006: The impact of satellite-derived atmospheric motion vectors on mesoscale forecasts over Hawaii. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134 , 2009–2020.
Businger S., R. Johnson and R. Talbot, 2006: Scientific Insights from Four Generations of Lagrangian Smart Balloons in Atmospheric Research. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 87, 1539-1554.
Caruso, S. and S. Businger, 2006: Synoptic climatology of subtropical cyclogenesis. Wea. and Forecasting, 20, 193-205.
Businger, S., T.M. Graziano, M.L. Kaplan, and R.A. Rozumalski, 2005: Cold-air cyclogenesis along the gulf-stream front: investigation of diabatic impacts on cyclone development, frontal structure, and track. Meteor. and Atmos. Phys., 88, 65-90.
Morrison, I., S. Businger, F. Marks, P. Dodge, and J.A. Businger, 2005: An observational case for the prevalence of roll vortices in the hurricane boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 2662-2673.
Foster, J., M. Bevis, and S. Businger, 2005: GPS Meteorology: Sliding-window analysis. J. of Atmos and Oceanic Tech., 22, 687-695.
Willis, M., M. Garces, C. Hetzer, S. Businger, 2004: Infrasonic observations of open ocean swells in the Pacific: Deciphering the song of the sea. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L19303.
Hollingshead, A., S. Businger, R. Draxler, J. Porter, and D. Stevens, 2003:
Dispersion modeling of the Kīlauea plume. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 108, 121-144.
Motell, C., J.N. Porter, J. Foster, M. Bevis, and S. Businger, 2002: Comparisons
of Water Vapor Derived from GPS, Sounding and the Split Window Technique,
Int. J. of Remote Sensing, 23, 11, 2335-2339.
Businger, S., M.E. Adams, S.E. Koch, and K.L. Kaplan, 2001: Extraction of geopotential height and temperature structure from profiler and rawinsonde winds. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 1729-1739.
Businger, S., and J.A. Businger, 2001: Viscous Dissipation of Turbulence Kinetic Energy in Storms. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 3793-3796.
Businger, S., R. McLaren, R. Ogasawara, D. Simons, and R.J. Wainscoat, 2001: Starcasting. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 83, 858-871.
Mazany, R, S. Businger, S.I. Gutman, and W. Roeder, 2001: A lightning prediction
index that utilizes GPS integrated precipitable water vapor. Wea and Forecasting.,
in press.
Morrison, I. and S. Businger, 2001: The synoptic structure and evolution of a kona low. Wea. and Forecasting, 16, 81-98.
Droegemeier, K. K., J.D. Smith, S. Businger, C. Doswell III, J. Doyle,
C. Duffy, E. Foufoula-Georgiou, T. Graziano, L.D. James, V. Krajewski,
M. LeMone, D. Lettenmaier, C. Mass, R. Pielke Sr., P. Ray, S. Rutledge,
J. Schaake, and E. Zipser, 2000: Hydrological Aspects of Weather
Prediction and Flood Warnings: Report of the Ninth Prospectus Development
Team of the U.S. Weather Research Program (meeting summary). Bull. Amer.
Meteorol. Soc., 81, 2665-2680.
Foster, J., M. G.
Bevis, T. Schroeder, S. Businger, M. Merrifield, S. Dorn, S. Marcus, J.
Dickey, and Y. Bar-Sever, 2000: El Nino, water vapor, and the Global Positioning
System. Geophy. Res. Letters, 27, 2697-2700.
Johnson, R., S. Businger,
and A. Baerman, 2000: Lagrangian air mass tracking with smart balloons
during ACE-2. Tellus, 321-334.
Siems, S.T., G.D. Hess, K. Suhre, S. Businger, R.R. Draxler, 2000: A comparison
of observed and simulated trajectories of the ACE-1 Lagrangian experiments.
Australian Met. Mag., 49, 109-120.
Businger, S., R. Johnson,
J. Katzfey, S. Siems, and Q. Wang, 1999: Smart Tetroons for Lagrangian
Air Mass Tracking During ACE-1. J. Geophys. Res., 11,709-11,722.
Mari, C, K, Suhre, R. Rosset, T.S. Bates, B.J. Huebert, A.R. Bandy, D.C.
Thornton, and S. Businger, 1999: 1-D modeling of sulfur species during the
First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-1) Lagrangian B. J. Geophys.
Res., 104, 21,733-21,750.
Wang, Q., K. Suhre, P. Krummel, S.T. Siems, L. Pan, T.S. Bates, J.E. Johnson,
D.H. Lenschow, B.J. Heubert, G.L. Kok, R.D. Schillawski, and S. Businger,
1999: Characteristics of the marine boundary layers during Lagrangian measurements,
Part I: General conditions and mean vertical structure. J. Geophy. Res.,
104, 21,751-21,766.
Businger, S., T. Birchard,
Jr., K. R. Kodama, P. A. Jendrowski, and J.-J. Wang, 1998: A bow echo and
severe weather associated with a Kona Low in Hawaii. Wea. and Forecasting,
13, 576-591.
Johnson, R., S. Businger, R. Carter, 1998: Get Smart: Using Intelligent Balloons in
Climate Research. GPS World, June, 33-37.
Kodama, K. R., and
S. Businger, 1998: Weather and Forecasting Challenges in the Pacific
Region of the National Weather Service. Wea. and Forecasting,13, 523-546.
Suhre, K., C. Mari,
T. S. Bates, J. W. Johnson, R. Rosset, Q. Wang, A. R. Bandy, D. R. Blake,
S. Businger, F. L. Eisele, B. J. Huebert, G. L. Kok, R. L. Mauldin, A.
S. Prevot, R. D. Schillawski, D. J. Tanner, and D. C. Thornton, 1998: Physico-chemical
modeling of the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-1) Lagrangian
B 1. A moving column approach. Journal of Geophysical Research, 103, 16,433-16,455.
Wang, J.-J., H.-M.
Juang, S. Businger, K. Kodama, Y.-L. Chen, and J. Partain, 1998: Application
of the NCEP regional spectral model to improve mesoscale weather forecasts
in Hawaii. Wea. and Forecasting, 560-575.
Bauman III, W. H., S.
Businger, and M. Kaplan, 1997: Nowcasting convective activity for Space
Shuttle landings during easterly flow regimes. Wea. and Forecasting. 12,
78-107.
Stull, R. and S. Businger,
1997: Survey of Graduate-Degree Procedures in Atmospheric Sciences. Bull.
Amer. Meteorol. Soc., 77, 265-273.
Bauman III, W. H. and
S. Businger, 1996: Nowcasting for Space Shuttle landings at Kennedy Space
Center, Florida. Bull. of the Amer. Meteo. Soc. 77, 2295-2305. (Note: author
order was incorrectly reversed during typesetting)
Bevis, M., S. R. Chiswell,
S. Businger, T. Herring, and Y. Bock, 1996: Predicting wet delays using
numerical weather models, Radio Sci., 31, 477-487.
Businger, S., S. R.
Chiswell, M. Bevis, J. Duan, R. Anthes, C. Rocken, R. Ware, M. Exner, T.
VanHove, F. Solheim, 1996: The promise of GPS in atmospheric monitoring.
Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 77, 5-18.
Businger, S., S. R.
Chiswell, W. C. Ulmer, and R. Johnson, 1996: Balloons as a Lagrangian measurement
platform for atmospheric research, Journal of Geophysical Research, 101,
4363-4376.
Duan, J., M. Bevis,
P. Fang, Y. Bock, S. R. Chiswell, S. Businger, C. Rocken, F. Soldheim,
R. H. Ware, T. A. Herring and R. W. King, 1996: GPS Meteorology: Direct Estimation of the Absolute
Value of Precipitable Water. J. Appl. Meteo., 35, 830-838.
Ware, R., M. Exner,
D. Feng, M. Gorbunov, K. Hardy, B. Herman, W. Kuo, T. Meehan, W. Melbourne,
C. Rocken, W. Schreiner, S. Sokolovskiy, F. Solheim, X. Zou, R. Anthes,
and S. Businger, 1996: GPS Sounding of the Atmosphere from Low Earth Orbit:
Preliminary Results. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 77, 19-40.
Businger, S., 1995:
Cool Season Cyclogenesis and Associated Mesoscale Weather, Reviews of Geophysics, U. S National
Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991-1994, American
Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Avenue N. W., Washington D. C., 20009,
907-915.
Gurka, J. J., E. P.
Auciello, A. F. Gigi, J. S. Waldstricher, Keeter, K., S. Businger, and
L. G. Lee, 1995: Winter weather forecasting throughout eastern United States:
Part II - An operational perspective of cyclogenesis. Weather and Forecasting,
10, 21-41.
Keeter, K., S. Businger,
L. G. Lee, and J. S. Waldstricher, 1995: Winter weather forecasting throughout
eastern United States: Part III - The effects of topography and the variability
of winter weather in the Carolinas and Virginia. Weather and Forecasting,
10, 42-60.
Mass, C. F., S. Businger,
M. D. Albright, and Z. A. Tucker, 1995: A Windstorm in the Lee of a Gap
in a Coastal Mountain Barrier. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 315-331.
Rocken, C., T. Van
Hove, J. Johnson, F. Solheim, R. H. Ware, M. Bevis, S. Businger, and S.
R. Chiswell, 1995: GPS/STORM GPS Sensing of Atmospheric Water Vapor for
Meteorology. J. Atmos. and Ocean Tech., 12, 468-478.
Ware, R., and S. Businger,
1995: Global Positioning for Geosciences Research, Transactions of the
American Geophysical Union, EOS, 76, 187.
Bevis, M., S. Businger,
S. R. Chiswell, T. A. Herring, R. A. Anthes, C. Rocken, and R. Ware, 1994:
GPS Meteorology: Mapping zenith wet delays onto precipitable water, J.
Appl. Met., 33, 379-386.
Rocken, C., R. Ware,
T. Van Hove, F. Solheim, C. Alber, J. Johnson, M. Bevis, and S Businger,
1994: Sensing atmospheric water vapor with the Global Positioning System.
Geophys. Res. Letters, 20, 2631-2634.
Chiswell, S. R., S.
Businger, M. Bevis, R. Rocken, F. Solheim, and R. Ware, 1993: Improved
Retrieval of Integrated Water Vapor from Water Vapor Radiometer Measurements
using Numerical Weather Prediction Models. J. of Atmos. and Ocean. Tech.,
11, 1253 - 1261.
Bevis, M., S. Businger,
T. A. Herring, C. Rocken, R. A. Anthes, and R. H. Ware, 1992: GPS Meteorology:
Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Water Vapor using the Global Positioning
System. J. G. R.-Atmospheres, 97, 15,787-15,801.
Businger, S., 1992: Reply. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2714-2715.
Aneja, V. J., S. Businger,
R. L. Lin, C. Claiborne, A. Murthy, 1991: Ozone climatology at high elevations
in the southern Appalachians. J. of Geophy. Res., 96, 1007-1021.
Businger, S., 1991:
Arctic Hurricanes, American Scientist, 79, 18-33.
Businger, S., and
J.-J. Baik, 1991: An Arctic Hurricane over the Bering Sea. Mon. Wea. Rev.,
119, 2293-2322.
Businger, S., B. H.
Bauman III, and G. F. Watson, 1991: The Development of the Piedmont Front
and Associated Outbreak of Severe Weather on 13 March 1986. Mon. Wea. Rev.,
119, 2224-2251.
Businger, S., D. I.
Knapp, and G. F. Watson, 1990: Storm-Following Climatology of Precipitation
Associated with Winter Cyclones over the Gulf of Mexico. Weather and Forecasting,
3, 378-403.
Businger, S., and
R. J. Reed, 1989: Cyclogenesis in Cold Air. Weather and Forecasting, 2,
110-133.
Lee, L. G., R. F.
Gonski, E. P. Auciello, J. R. Poirier, R. A Marine, S. Businger, K. D.
Lapenta, R. W. Kelly, and T. A. Nisiol, 1989: Summary of the Second National
Winter Weather Workshop. Weather and Forecasting, 4, 264-270.
Businger, S., 1987:
The Synoptic Climatology of Polar Low Outbreaks Over the Northern Pacific
Ocean. Tellus, 39, 307-325.
Businger, S., and
B. Walter, 1987: Comma Cloud Development and Associated Rapid Cyclogenesis
over the Gulf of Alaska: A Case Study using Aircraft and Operational Data.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 1103-1123.
Businger, S., and
P. V. Hobbs, 1987: Mesoscale and Synoptic Scale Structures of Two Comma
Cloud Systems over the Pacific Ocean. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1909-1928.
Businger, S., 1985:
The Synoptic Climatology of Polar Low Outbreaks. Tellus, 37, 419-432.

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