Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center Publication_Date: 20100801 Title: Slope grid derived from gridded bathymetry of Howland Island, Pacific Remote Island Areas, Central Pacific. Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_pria_how_geomorph.htm Description: Abstract: Slope is derived from gridded (40 m cell size) multibeam bathymetry, collected aboard R/V AHI, and NOAA ship Hi'ialakai. Cell values reflect the maximum rate of change (in degrees) in elevation between neighboring cells derived with the ArcGIS Spatial Analyst extension. This data set is for Howland Island, Pacific Remote Island Areas, Central Pacific. Purpose: The data were derived in support of NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program goals. Goal one is to map all U.S. Coral Reef Ecosystems. This data set specifically addresses Objective one and four: to develop high-resolution benthic maps and to characterize priority deep water reefs and associated habitats. This derivative of bathymetry provides a GIS layer that may be used for benthic and essential fish habitat characterization, and for the study of geologic features. By combining the dataset with bathymetry, backscatter, other derivatives, and in situ data, they collectively compose benthic habitat maps which are designed to be used to understand and predict moderate depth (~20m – 150m) benthic habitats for different organisms that inhabit coral reef ecosystems. Supplemental_Information: Gridded multibeam data were collected aboard the R/V AHI (Acoustic Habitat Investigator), a 25’ survey launch owned and operated by the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center in Honolulu, HI and the 218' NOAA Ship Hi'ialakai. The process for deriving the gridded (40 m cell size) multibeam data is described in Howland_40m.asc.txt. The resulting grid (Howland_40m.grd) was used in the slope calculation. Slope was calculated using the slope tool in ESRI ArcGIS Spatial Analyst. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20060128 Ending_Date: 20060129 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -176.632545 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -176.605533 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 00.833556 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 00.782664 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Keyword Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Aquatic Habitat > Reef Habitat > Description Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Bathymetry Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Slope Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Pacific Remote Island Areas > Howland Island Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Pacific Remote Island Areas Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: These data are not to be used for navigation purposes. Please acknowledge the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC) Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED) and the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, and the Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (JIMAR) and School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), University of Hawaii as the sources of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 1680 East-West Road POST 833 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96822 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-5239 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/pria/benthichabitatlayers/Howland_40m_Slope.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Gridded Bathymetry Derivative Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Set_Credit: NOAA PIFSC CRED and the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center, JIMAR and SOEST Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Data are collected for resource management and research purposes and are tested for internal consistency; however, no effort is made to compare these data to external references or to other published data. Logical_Consistency_Report: These data are believed to be logically consistent though no tests were performed Completeness_Report: Complete Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal positioning system: GPS C/A Horizontal position accuracy: 25 meters Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Range resolution of sonar: varies with depth Raw sounding resolution: varies with depth Vertical accuracy of gridded product ~ 1% of water depth Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: The Spatial Analyst extension was used in ArcMap 9.3 to derive slope from the gridded (40m) bathymetry. Spatial Analyst --> Surface Analysis --> Slope using the following parameters: Input surface: Howland_40m; Output measurement: Degree; Z factor: 1; Output cell size: 40 Process_Date: 20100701 Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 384 Column_Count: 488 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 40 Ordinate_Resolution: 40 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: -1 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -177 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0 False_Easting: 500000 False_Northing: 10000000 Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: none Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 1680 East-West Road POST 833 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96822 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-5239 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: These data are not to be used for navigational purposes. NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function on a particular system. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Arc ASCII Format_Information_Content: Arc ASCII can be converted to Arc Raster using ArcToolbox Conversion Tools (ASCIItoRaster). Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20100701 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: 1680 East-West Road POST 833 City: Honolulu State_or_Province: HI Postal_Code: 96822 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-5239 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: Universal Time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None