Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
      Publication_Date: 20121215
      Title: Mosaic of gridded multibeam bathymetry and bathymetry derived 
        from multispectral World View-2 satellite imagery of Ni'ihau Island, 
        Territory of Main Hawaiian Islands, USA
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
      Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc
      Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_mhi_nii_bathy.htm
  Description:
    Abstract: Gridded multibeam bathymetry is integrated with bathymetry 
      derived from multpectral World View-2 satellite data. Gridded (5 m cell 
      size) multibeam bathymetry collected aboard NOAA Ship Hiialaka'i and 
      R/V AHI. Bathymetry values shallower than ~20 m were derived by 
      gauging the reletive attenuation of coastal, blue, green and yellow 
      spectral radiance as a function of depth. A multiple linear regression 
      analysis of coastal,blue, green and yellow band spectral values against depth 
      determined the variables of y-intercept, coastal,blue, green and yellow 
      slope values. Variables then used in multivariate slope intercept formula 
      to derive depth. Digital image processing to derive depths conducted with  
      the ENVI 4.8 software program while data editing and integration was performed 
      using ArcGIS 10. This data set is for the shelf environment of Ni'ihau Island, 
      Hawaii.
    Purpose:
      The data were derived in support of NOAA Coral Reef Conservation 
      Program goals. Goal 1 is to map all U.S. Coral Reef Ecosystems.  
      This data set specifically addresses Objective 1 and 4: to develop 
      high-resolution benthic maps and to characterize priority deep 
      water reefs and associated habitats. This integration of derived 
      bathymetry with multibeam sonar data provides a GIS layer with 
      expanded spatial coverage that may be used for benthic and essential 
      fish habitat characterization, and for the study of geologic features. 
      By combining the dataset with other bathymetry, backscatter, derivatives, 
      and in situ data, they collectively compose benthic habitat maps 
      designed to be used to understand and predict shallow depth (0m to 150m) 
      benthic habitats for organisms that inhabit coral reef ecosystems.
    Supplemental_Information:
      Gridded multibeam data were collected aboard the Hi'ialakai, a 218’ 
      United States National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration 
      (NOAA) research ship, and aboard the R/V AHI (Acoustic Habitat 
      Investigator), a 25’ survey launch owned and operated by the NOAA 
      Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center in Honolulu, HI. The 
      metadata for the bathymetry is documented in the product metadata, 
      niihau_5m.grd.txt.  
      http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_mhi_nii_bathy.htm
      Original World View-2 imagery was purchased to support the Pacific Islands
      Geographic Information System (GIS) project and National Ocean Service's 
      (NOS) coral mapping activities. Orthographically corrected World View-2 Imagery 
      was provided by USGS, State of Hawaii and USDA. The metadata for this World View-2
      imagery is documented in the original product metadata, 
      10JAN02213954-M3XM-052386144080_01_P001.(http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/)    
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 20050613
        Ending_Date: 20121115
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain: 
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -160.282325987
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -160.02398098
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 22.056437646
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.7349740969
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Keyword Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor 
        Topography > Bathymetry
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Keyword Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor 
       Topography > Water Depth
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Keyword Thesaurus
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > 
        Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Remote Sensing > Satellite 
        (digital scans) > World View-2
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: Slope
      Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry
      Theme_Keyword: Multibeam sonar
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: Niihau Island
      Place_Keyword: Hawaii
      Place_Keyword: United States of America
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Kauai > Niihau Island (21N160W0001) 
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: These data are not to be used for navigation purposes.
    Please acknowledge the NOAA Coral Reef Ecosystem Division,
    Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and the Pacific Islands Benthic     
    Habitat Mapping Center, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University 
    of Hawaii as the sources of this information.
  Point_of_Contact: 
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
       Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
      Contact_Address:
       Address_Type: mailing and physical address
       Address: 1125 B Ala Moana Boulevard
       City: Honlulu
       State_or_Province: Hawaii
       Postal_Code: 96822
       Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-983-3776
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu
  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/bathymetry/NII_DBMB_5m_445.jpg    
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Gridded Bathymetry
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: jpg
  Data_Set_Credit: Benthic Habitat Mapping Group, Coral Reef Ecosystem Division
     (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: ArcGIS ASCII file or ArcGIS Grid file, 
    bathymetry derived from 2x2m multispectral satellite imagery (World View-2)
    using ENVI 4.8, multibeam and derived bathymetry were integrated using
    ArcGIS 10
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Data are collected for resource 
      management and research purposes and are tested for 
      internal consistency; however, no effort is made to compare 
      these data to external references or to other published data.  
  Logical_Consistency_Report: These data are believed to be logically 
    consistent though no tests were performed
  Completeness_Report: Complete
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
        Horizontal positioning system: GPS C/A
        Horizontal position accuracy: 25 meters
    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 
        Range resolution of sonar: varies with depth
        Raw sounding resolution: varies with depth
        Vertical accuracy of gridded sonar product: ~ 1% of water depth
        Vertical accuracy of derived bathymetry product: 5 meter range 
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Date: 20121115
      Process_Description: 
        Multiple tools in ENVI 4.8 were used to complete the following 
        processing steps: Data conversion from digital number to radiance,
        correction for atmosphere and water surface reflection, masking of 
        non-applicable values, and bathymetric derivation using variables
        from multiple linear regression analysis.  Multiple tools in 
        ArcGIS 10 were used for dataset integration and to extract values 
        for the multiple linear regression analysis and subsequent error 
        analyses. The Microsoft program Excel was used for the multiple
        linear regression analysis to provide original variables for depth
        derivation. The multivariate slope intercept formula used to 
        derive depth was Depth=Yint+(Mcoastal)(Xcoastal)+(Mblue)(Xblue)+(Mgreen)(Xgreen)+(Myellow)(XYellow). 
        Three products were derived, all from the original image 10JAN02213954-M3XM-052386144080_01_P001,
        which was devided in three sections SW, N, E Niihau.The MLR variables for SW Niihau 
        were Yint=70.04351364, Mcoastal=-0.411613009, Mblue=-1.30485119, Mgreen=-1.031082842, 
        Myellow=0.786152945, for E Niihau were Yint=-24.38584123, coastal=-184.3932459, 
        Mblue=-403.3462551, Mgreen=1135.36388, Myellow=-246.50699213 and for N Niihau were 
        Yint=-33.44035302, Mcoastal=0.253885458, Mblue=-0.727701937, Mgreen=1.185332714, Myellow=0.841131904  
        The derived bathymetry mosaics from each image section were in turn mosaiced 
        giving the data from SW Niihau priority over N Niihau due to its statistaclly
        higher accuracy. This mosaiced derived bathymetry product (NII_DBAll_5m) 
        was then integrated with the multibeam sonar data, with sonar data prioritized over derived data, 
        to create the final product (NII_DBMB_5m). 
        A detailed description of all processing steps is available at: 
        http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/phimbc/Techmemo.pdf
        An error analysis of each derived bathymetry grid used is available 
        upon request.
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
    Row_Count: 35390
    Column_Count: 26425
    Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 5
          Ordinate_Resolution: 5
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number: 5
          Transverse_Mercator:
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -159            
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
            False_Easting: 500000
            False_Northing: 10000000
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
      Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
       Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
      Contact_Address:
       Address_Type: mailing and physical address
       Address: 1125 B Ala Moana Boulevard
       City: Honlulu
       State_or_Province: Hawaii
       Postal_Code: 96822
       Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-983-3776
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability:
    These data are not to be used for navigational purposes.
    NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, 
    nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. 
    NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors 
    or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of 
    these data to function on a particular system.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form: 
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: Arc Grid
        Format_Information_Content: Arc Grid can be opened directly using 
          ArcMap or ArcCatalog.
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/mhi/bathymetry/Nii_DBMB_5m.zip
    Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20120511
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
       Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
      Contact_Address:
       Address_Type: mailing and physical address
       Address: 1125 B Ala Moana Boulevard
       City: Honlulu
       State_or_Province: Hawaii
       Postal_Code: 96822
       Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-983-3776
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: Universal Time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None