TABLE OF CONTENTS


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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I. INTRODUCTION

II. COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS

Beaches

Sand Dunes

Coral Reef Ecosystems

III. COASTAL EROSION, BEACH LOSS, AND CORAL REEF DEGRADATION

Coastal Erosion

Beach Loss

Reef Degradation

IV. PROGRESS TO DATE

V. OBJECTIVES AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1.Identification of Erosion Hotspots and Erosion Watchspots

2. Guidelines for Shoreline Protection Measures

3. Beach Nourishment

Sand Sources for Beach Nourishment

Pilot Beach Nourishment Project

4. Dune Preservation and Restoration

5. Coral Reef Ecosystems, Water Quality, and Upland Activities

6. Shoreline Setbacks and Coastal Erosion Hazard Data

7. Proactive Development of Coastal Lands

8. Inter-agency Coordination

9. Structures and Activities within the Shoreline Area

Minor Structures

Major Structures

10. Beach Management Districts

11. Public Awareness and Education

12. Research

13. Funding Mechanisms

VI. GLOSSARY

VII. REFERENCES

SEAGRANT
www.soest.hawaii.edu/SEAGRANT
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