PACIFIC CLIMATE INFORMATION SYSTEM __________________________________ (PCIS) By Zhi-Ping (Chip) Yu PEAC PACIFIC ENSO APPLICATIONS CENTER JOINT INSTITUTE OF MARINE AND ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH SCHOOL OF OCEAN AND EARTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA Technical Report No. 1 June 1994 1. INTRODUCTION PCIS is a software developed by Pacific ENSO Application Center, located in the University of Hawaii at Manoa. This software gives statistical information on rainfall climatology and variation with the ENSO cycle for about 300 Pacific islands. PCIS also gives the monthly/seasonal time series for individual island or island group. Data source is the Comprehensive Pacific Rainfall Data Base (CPRDB) analyzed by Dr. Mark Morrissey of University of Oklahoma. Extreme events (hurricane rainfall etc) are filtered out in monthly or seasonal climatology analysis. Rainfall analysis during ENSO period is based on seven El Nino events (Table 1) and 5 La nina events (Table 2). The CPRDB dataset Table 1. Seven El Nino events used for rainfall composited analysis. ________________________________________________________________ El Nino Event El Nino Year (0) El Nino Year (1) 1 1972 1973 2 1977 1978 3 1982 1983 4 1986 1987 5 1991 1992 6 1992 1993 7 1994 1995 ________________________________________________________________ Table 2. Five La Nina events used for rainfall composited analysis. ________________________________________________________________ La Nina Event La Nina Year (0) La Nina Year (1) 1 1970 1971 2 1971 1972 3 1973 1974 4 1975 1976 5 1988 1989 ________________________________________________________________ covers daily data from 1971 to present and is being updated every two months. Units for all values are 1/10 mm daily averages for the period indicated (i.e. month or seasonal). To use PCIS, use following basic steps 1) Choose individual island/island group for analyzing in the Main Menu; 2) Choose one of six results you want to get, e.g. monthly/seasonal series, monthly/seasonal mean variations during ENSO etc..; 3) You can switch between different menus, and you can also check different station ID on screen. PCIS software development is only in its early stages and your comments and suggestions are very welcomed. We can be reached by following address: yu@soest.hawaii.edu 2. HOW TO USE PCIS 2.1. Start PCIS a) Telnet to 'naulu.soest.hawaii.edu'; b) Enter username 'pcis'; c) After enter 'pcis', you are automatically get into PCIS system and you will see: ------------------------------------------------------------------- PACIFIC CLIMATE INFORMATION SYSTEM RAINFALL ANALYSIS Version 1.1 Pacific ENSO Application Center University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Comments/suggestions: e-mail Chip Z. Yu at yu@soest.hawaii.edu ------------------------------------------------------------------- READING A LARGE DATASET... BE PATIENT PLEASE! 10 percent data have been read 20 percent data have been read 30 percent data have been read 40 percent data have been read 50 percent data have been read 60 percent data have been read 70 percent data have been read 80 percent data have been read 90 percent data have been read 100 percent data have been read 2.2. Choose a island group or individual island A main menu comes out after reading dataset: MAIN MENU ----------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------- PLEASE SELECT ONE OF THE FOLLOWING ISLAND GROUP 1 -- American Samoa 2 -- FSM / Kosrae 3 -- FSM / Pohnpei 4 -- FSM / Truk 5 -- FSM / Yap 6 -- Guam 7 -- Hawaii 8 -- Mariana 9 -- Marshall 10 -- Palau 11 -- Cook 12 -- Fiji 13 -- Fr. Polynesia 14 -- Kiribati 15 -- Nauru 16 -- New Guinea 17 -- New Zealand 18 -- Philippines 19 -- Soloman Islands 20 -- Tokelau 21 -- Tonga 22 -- Tuvalu 23 -- Vanuatu 24 -- W. Samoa 25 -- INDIVIDUAL STATIONS 26 -- EXIT 27 -- HELP NOTE: VALUES ARE DAILY-AVERAGED WITH A UNIT OF 1/10 MM --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Select 1-24 for composited analysis for 24 different island group, while select 25 to get rainfall analysis for individual island station, 26 to exit the PCIS and 27 to get Help. If you choose 25, following table will come out: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PLEASE ENTER THE STATION ID NUMBER, FOR EXAMPLE: 14000 -- Aasufou/Tutu 14001 -- Anderson AFB/Guam 14100 -- Clark AFB/Phi. 14101 -- Kanton Island/Kiri 14156 -- Dededo/Guam 14229 -- Guam, NAS(2) 14304 -- Jaluit/Mar. 14320 -- Johnston 14325 -- Kapingamarangi 14351 -- Koror/Palau 14375 -- Kwajalein/Mar. 14401 -- Fr. Frigate Shoals/HI 14419 -- Lukunor/Truk 14429 -- Luweech/Yap 14460 -- Majuro/Mar. 14468 -- Mangilao/Guam 14489 -- Mokil/Pohnpei 14690 -- Pago Pago/Tutu 14751 -- Pohnpei 14843 -- Tofol (Kosrae) 14851 -- Truk 14855 -- Saipan Intl Airp./Mari 14874 -- Tinian/Guam 14892 -- Ulithi/Yap 14901 -- Wake 14911 -- Woleai/Yap 14951 -- Yap 48700 -- Fanning/Kiri 49000 -- Christmas/Kiri 78800 -- Nukualofa/Tonga 99999 -- LIST OF STATION ID FOR ISLAND GROUP -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Choose a station id for analysis or you can look up station IDs in individual island group by entering 99999. 2.3. Select a analysis type. After selecting a island group or individual station (assuming you have selected 49000 -- Christmas Island), you are ready for getting analysis results. Following sub-main will come out: ENTER A NUMBER FOR MONTHLY OR SEASONAL ANALYSIS 1 -- Monthly Time Series 2 -- Seasonal Time Series 3 -- Monthly Mean 4 -- Seasonal Mean 5 -- Monthly Anomaly During ENSO 6 -- Seasonal Anomaly During ENSO If you enter 6, for example. Results are shown as follow: THE SEASONAL RAINFALL (DAILY AVERAGE) DURING ENSO YEARS: ENSO YEAR(0) RAINFALL ANOMALY ENSO YEAR(1) RAINFALL ANOMALY Winter (0) 19.4 -6.1 Winter (+1) 97.0 71.4 Spring (0) 32.9 -8.7 Spring (+1) 57.0 15.4 Summer (0) 40.7 14.1 Summer (+1) 15.9 -10.7 Fall (0) 63.4 48.0 Fall (+1) 1.5 -14.0 In the ENSO case of 1982-1983, ENSO Year (0) denotes 1982 and ENSO year (1) denotes 1983 (see Table 1). From table above, we know that Christmas island has substantial positive rainfall anomaly during ENSO months (e.g. Christmas island has a average of + 7.14 mm anomaly rainfall daily during ENSO year(1) ) 2.4. Quit PCIS or start another rainfall analysis Following menu is shown: -------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 -- Rainfall Analysis For Another Island/Group 2 -- Rainfall Analysis For The Same Island/Group 3 -- EXIT --------------------------------------------------------------------- Quit PCIS by entering 3 and start another analysis. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Deep appreciation is extended to the Office of Global Program (OGP) of the Naional Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for supporting this research under research grant No. NA37RJ0199.